Policy areas

Focus areas of research and analysis

Security and privacy risks

Key policy questions

The implications of quantum technology for security and privacy have emerged as a key area of focus for policymakers worldwide, as reflected in numerous national quantum strategies. While offering significant potential benefits, quantum technology could also bring a variety of risks, notably to current cryptographic systems, which may expose sensitive data and critical infrastructure. For example, quantum computing may pose risks to cryptographic systems that underpin the management of critical infrastructure, including industrial control systems and operational technology. In the context of the civil justice system, quantum computing may affect data security, data privacy and liability. Different countermeasures – for example, post-quantum cryptography (PQC) and quantum key distribution (QKD) – are being developed to future-proof potential quantum computer attacks against cryptography. Quantum cryptography offers new tools for ultra-secure communication, creating both opportunities and challenges for governments and businesses. In addition, the dual-use nature of quantum technology presents both civilian and military considerations that must be addressed. Proactive management by policymakers is necessary to ensure a smooth transition to quantum-safe standards and to address new threats and vulnerabilities. Promoting public awareness, advancing standards development, and fostering international cooperation are key elements of robust risk mitigation strategies.

Note: During the initial pilot phase of our work, QTOPS is concentrating on quantum technology education, skills and workforce development. Over time, our activities will expand to cover additional policy areas, including security and privacy risks. Watch this space for future updates.

Explore our growing data and analysis on security and privacy risks:

To explore our data and analysis in other policy areas, check out our overview page.

We value collaboration and engagement with stakeholders across the quantum technology ecosystem. Reach out to us for enquiries, partnerships, or to learn more about us and what we can offer. To begin a conversation, send an email to qtops@randeurope.org